Pentru a ințelege importanța aplicării patch-urilor este nevoie să înțelegem ce reprezintă un patch. Un patch este o bucată de cod care îmbunătățește un program deja instalat, practic un bandaj pentru software de calculator. Odată descoperită o eroare/un bug într-un program deja lansat, se creează un patch pentru a remedia problema fără a fi necesară re-crearea programului. Printre beneficiile aduse de instalarea patch-urilor se regăsesc îmbunătățiri de securitate, productivitate, conformitate si inovație.
Dacă în articolele precedente am vazut care sunt pașii pentru a instala o bază de date Oracle 19c RAC, în acest articol vom urmări cum actualizăm Oracle Grid Infrastructure și Oracle Database.
Descărcare patch-uri
Înainte de planificarea instalării unui patch trebuie să verificăm dacă avem acces la patch-ul pe care dorim să-l instalăm. Pentru acest lucru avem nevoie de un cont activ pe support.oracle.com
- OPatch: https://updates.oracle.com/download/6880880.html
- Patch 30463609: COMBO OF OJVM RU COMPONENT 19.6.0.0.200114 GI RU 19.6.0.0.200114
Update OPatch
Întotdeauna înainte de instalarea unui patch verificați dacă aveți ultima versiune a tool-ului OPatch.
Copiați patch-urile descărcate anterior pe ambele noduri pe un disc local unde aveți disponibil minim 7 GB.
Update-ul de OPatch trebuie făcută atât în home-ul de GI, cât și cel de RDBMS pe toate instanțele.
$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version OPatch Version: 12.2.0.17.0 OPatch succeeded. $ cp p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip $ORACLE_HOME $ cd $ORACLE_HOME $ mv OPatch OPatch_OLD $ unzip p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip $ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version OPatch Version: 12.2.0.19.0 OPatch succeeded.
Check for conflict
După ce ne-am asigurat că am instalat ultima versiune de OPatch trebuie să verificăm dacă există conflicte intre patch-urile instalate și cele care urmează să fie instalate. Primul pas este să dezarhivăm patch-ul descărcat anterior după care vom verifica cu OPatch conflictele atât pe home-ul de GI cât și pe RDBMS:
$ unzip p30463609_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
Când am descarcat patch-ul am ales Combo-ul care conține următoarele patch-uri:
- 30484981 – OJVM Release Update 19.6.0.0.200114
- 30501910 – GI Release Update 19.6.0.0.200114
- 30557433 – Database Release Update 19.6.0.0.200114
Verificăm pe rând toate patch-urile, atât pentru home-ul de GI:
$ env | grep ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/grid/19c $ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/patch/30463609/30484981 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910/30489227 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910/30489632 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910/30557433 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910/30655595
cât și pentru RDBMS:
$ env | grep ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 $ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910/30557433
In cazul in care există un patch care este în conflict, va fi necesar rollback si verificat din nou conflictul pana cand rezultatul este Succes pentru fiecare din patch-urile de mai sus.
Verificare
Înainte de a aplica, verificăm patch-urile instalate pe toate home-urile ce urmează să fie aplicate patch-uri:
$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches -oh /opt/app/grid/19c 29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399) 29517247;ACFS RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29517247) 29517242;Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242) 29401763;TOMCAT RELEASE UPDATE 19.0.0.0.0 (29401763) OPatch succeeded. $ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches -oh /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399) 29517242;Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242) OPatch succeeded.
Pentru a aplica patch-ul cu opatchauto avem mai multe posibilități:
1) aplicare patch-ului doar pe home-ul de GI:
$opatchauto apply /30501910 -oh /opt/app/grid/19c
Respectiv home-ul de RDBMS:
$opatchauto apply /30501910 -oh /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
2) Sau putem aplica patch-ul rulând opatchauto cu root fără a specifica home-ul Oracle.
Aplicare Patch
In cazul de față am ales să rulez opatchauto cu root, astfel patch-urile vor fi instalate pe toate home-urile înregistrate în OraInventory.
Pentru a verifica că nu vor exista probleme în timpul aplicarii patch-urilor rulăm întâi o simulare a aplicării celor două patch-uri:
# /opt/app/grid/19c/OPatch/opatchauto apply /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910 -analyze # /opt/app/grid/19c/OPatch/opatchauto apply /tmp/patch/30463609/30484981 -analyze
Dacă ambele comenzi s-au finalizat cu succes putem continua rulând din nou aceleași comenzi dar fără „-analyze”:
# /opt/app/grid/19c/OPatch/opatchauto apply /tmp/patch/30463609/30501910 System initialization log file is /opt/app/grid/19c/cfgtoollogs/opatchautodb/systemconfig2020-04-11_01-51-47PM.log. Session log file is /opt/app/grid/19c/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/opatchauto2020-04-11_01-59-30PM.log The id for this session is I559 Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /opt/app/grid/19c Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Patch applicability verified successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Patch applicability verified successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Verifying SQL patch applicability on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 SQL patch applicability verified successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Preparing to bring down database service on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Successfully prepared home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 to bring down database service Bringing down CRS service on home /opt/app/grid/19c CRS service brought down successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Performing prepatch operation on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Perpatch operation completed successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Start applying binary patch on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Binary patch applied successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Performing postpatch operation on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Postpatch operation completed successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Start applying binary patch on home /opt/app/grid/19c Binary patch applied successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Checking shared status of home..... Starting CRS service on home /opt/app/grid/19c CRS service started successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Preparing home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 after database service restarted No step execution required......... Trying to apply SQL patch on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 SQL patch applied successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 OPatchAuto successful.
Si acelasi lucru si pentru patch-ul OJVM:
# /opt/app/grid/19c/OPatch/opatchauto apply /tmp/patch/30463609/30484981 System initialization log file is /opt/app/grid/19c/cfgtoollogs/opatchautodb/systemconfig2020-04-11_04-28-36PM.log. Session log file is /opt/app/grid/19c/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/opatchauto2020-04-11_04-41-46PM.log The id for this session is 6V25 Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /opt/app/grid/19c Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Patch applicability verified successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Patch applicability verified successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Verifying SQL patch applicability on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 SQL patch applicability verified successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Preparing to bring down database service on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Successfully prepared home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 to bring down database service Bringing down database service on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Following database(s) and/or service(s) are stopped and will be restarted later during the session: orcl Database service successfully brought down on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Bringing down CRS service on home /opt/app/grid/19c CRS service brought down successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Performing prepatch operation on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Perpatch operation completed successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Start applying binary patch on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Binary patch applied successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Performing postpatch operation on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Postpatch operation completed successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Start applying binary patch on home /opt/app/grid/19c Binary patch applied successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Starting CRS service on home /opt/app/grid/19c CRS service started successfully on home /opt/app/grid/19c Starting database service on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Database service successfully started on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 Preparing home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 after database service restarted No step execution required......... Trying to apply SQL patch on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 SQL patch applied successfully on home /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 OPatchAuto successful.
Verificare post patch
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches -oh /opt/app/grid/19c 30655595;TOMCAT RELEASE UPDATE 19.0.0.0.0 (30655595) 30557433;Database Release Update : 19.6.0.0.200114 (30557433) 30489632;ACFS RELEASE UPDATE 19.6.0.0.0 (30489632) 30489227;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.6.0.0.0 (30489227) OPatch succeeded. $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches -oh /opt/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1 30557433;Database Release Update : 19.6.0.0.200114 (30557433) 30489227;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.6.0.0.0 (30489227) OPatch succeeded.
De asemenea verificăm dacă s-au aplicat scripturile SQL în baza de date:
$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.6.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.6.0.0.0 set pagesize 20; set linesize 200; col ACTION_TIME format a30; col DESCRIPTION format a60 SQL> select PATCH_ID,ACTION,DESCRIPTION,STATUS from registry$sqlpatch order by ACTION_TIME ; PATCH_ID ACTION DESCRIPTION STATUS ---------- --------------- ------------------------------ -------------------- 29517242 APPLY Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242) SUCCESS 30557433 APPLY Database Release Update : 19.6.0.0.200114 (30557433) SUCCESS 30484981 APPLY OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981) SUCCESS SQL>
oradbaro 